FAA Federal Aviation Regulations (FARS, 14 CFR)

FARs   >   Part 27 - Airworthiness standards: Normal category rotorcraft

• SUBPART A - General
• FAR 27.1 - Applicability
• FAR 27.2 - Special retroactive requirements

• SUBPART B - Flight
• General
  FAR 27.21 - Proof of compliance
• FAR 27.25 - Weight limits
• FAR 27.27 - Center of gravity limits
• FAR 27.29 - Empty weight and corresponding center of gravity
• FAR 27.31 - Removable ballast
• FAR 27.33 - Main rotor speed and pitch limits
• Performance
  FAR 27.45 - General
• FAR 27.51 - Takeoff
• FAR 27.65 - Climb: all engines operating
• FAR 27.67 - Climb: one engine inoperative
• FAR 27.71 - Glide performance
• FAR 27.73 - Performance at minimum operating speed
• FAR 27.75 - Landing
• FAR 27.79 - Limiting height -- speed envelope
• Flight Characteristics
  FAR 27.141 - General
• FAR 27.143 - Controllability and maneuverability
• FAR 27.151 - Flight controls
• FAR 27.161 - Trim control
• FAR 27.171 - Stability: general
• FAR 27.173 - Static longitudinal stability
• FAR 27.175 - Demonstration of static longitudinal stability
• FAR 27.177 - Static directional stability
• Ground and Water Handling Characteristics
  FAR 27.231 - General
• FAR 27.235 - Taxiing condition
• FAR 27.239 - Spray characteristics
• FAR 27.241 - Ground resonance
• FAR 27.251 - Vibration

• SUBPART C - Strength Requirements
• General
  FAR 27.301 - Loads
• FAR 27.303 - Factor of safety
• FAR 27.305 - Strength and deformation
• FAR 27.307 - Proof of structure
• FAR 27.309 - Design limitations
• Flight Loads
  FAR 27.321 - General
• FAR 27.337 - Limit maneuvering load factor
• FAR 27.339 - Resultant limit maneuvering loads
• FAR 27.341 - Gust loads
• FAR 27.351 - Yawing conditions
• FAR 27.361 - Engine torque
• Control Surface and System Loads
  FAR 27.391 - General
• FAR 27.395 - Control system
• FAR 27.397 - Limit pilot forces and torques
• FAR 27.399 - Dual control system
• FAR 27.411 - Ground clearance: tail rotor guard
• FAR 27.427 - Unsymmetrical loads
• Ground Loads
  FAR 27.471 - General
• FAR 27.473 - Ground loading conditions and assumptions
• FAR 27.475 - Tires and shock absorbers
• FAR 27.477 - Landing gear arrangement
• FAR 27.479 - Level landing conditions
• FAR 27.481 - Tail-down landing conditions
• FAR 27.483 - One-wheel landing conditions
• FAR 27.485 - Lateral drift landing conditions
• FAR 27.493 - Braked roll conditions
• FAR 27.497 - Ground loading conditions: landing gear with tail wheels
• FAR 27.501 - Ground loading conditions: landing gear with skids
• FAR 27.505 - Ski landing conditions
• Water Loads
  FAR 27.521 - Float landing conditions
• Main Component Requirements
  FAR 27.547 - Main rotor structure
• FAR 27.549 - Fuselage, landing gear, and rotor pylon structures
• Emergency Landing Conditions
  FAR 27.561 - General
• FAR 27.562 - Emergency landing dynamic conditions
• FAR 27.563 - Structural ditching provisions
• FAR 27.571 - Fatigue evaluation of flight structure

• SUBPART D - Design and Construction
• General
  FAR 27.601 - Design
• FAR 27.602 - Critical parts
• FAR 27.603 - Materials
• FAR 27.605 - Fabrication methods
• FAR 27.607 - Fasteners
• FAR 27.609 - Protection of structure
• FAR 27.610 - Lightning and static electricity protection
• FAR 27.611 - Inspection provisions
• FAR 27.613 - Material strength properties and design values
• FAR 27.619 - Special factors
• FAR 27.621 - Casting factors
• FAR 27.623 - Bearing factors
• FAR 27.625 - Fitting factors
• FAR 27.629 - Flutter
• Rotors
  FAR 27.653 - Pressure venting and drainage of rotor blades
• FAR 27.659 - Mass balance
• FAR 27.661 - Rotor blade clearance
• FAR 27.663 - Ground resonance prevention means
• Control Systems
  FAR 27.671 - General
• FAR 27.672 - Stability augmentation, automatic, and power-operated systems
• FAR 27.673 - Primary flight control
• FAR 27.674 - Interconnected controls
• FAR 27.675 - Stops
• FAR 27.679 - Control system locks
• FAR 27.681 - Limit load static tests
• FAR 27.683 - Operation tests
• FAR 27.685 - Control system details
• FAR 27.687 - Spring devices
• FAR 27.691 - Autorotation control mechanism
• FAR 27.695 - Power boost and power-operated control system
• Landing Gear
  FAR 27.723 - Shock absorption tests
• FAR 27.725 - Limit drop test
• FAR 27.727 - Reserve energy absorption drop test
• FAR 27.729 - Retracting mechanism
• FAR 27.731 - Wheels
• FAR 27.733 - Tires
• FAR 27.735 - Brakes
• FAR 27.737 - Skis
• Floats and Hulls
  FAR 27.751 - Main float buoyancy
• FAR 27.753 - Main float design
• FAR 27.755 - Hulls
• Personnel and Cargo Accommodations
  FAR 27.771 - Pilot compartment
• FAR 27.773 - Pilot compartment view
• FAR 27.775 - Windshields and windows
• FAR 27.777 - Cockpit controls
• FAR 27.779 - Motion and effect of cockpit controls
• FAR 27.783 - Doors
• FAR 27.785 - Seats, berths, litters, safety belts, and harnesses
• FAR 27.787 - Cargo and baggage compartments
• FAR 27.801 - Ditching
• FAR 27.805 - Flight crew emergency exits
• FAR 27.807 - Emergency exits
• FAR 27.831 - Ventilation
• FAR 27.833 - Heaters
• Fire Protection
  FAR 27.853 - Compartment interiors
• FAR 27.855 - Cargo and baggage compartments
• FAR 27.859 - Heating systems
• FAR 27.861 - Fire protection of structure, controls, and other parts
• FAR 27.863 - Flammable fluid fire protection
• External Loads
  FAR 27.865 - External loads
• Miscellaneous
  FAR 27.871 - Leveling marks
• FAR 27.873 - Ballast provisions

• SUBPART E - Powerplant
• General
  FAR 27.901 - Installation
• FAR 27.903 - Engines
• FAR 27.907 - Engine vibration
• Rotor Drive System
  FAR 27.917 - Design
• FAR 27.921 - Rotor brake
• FAR 27.923 - Rotor drive system and control mechanism tests
• FAR 27.927 - Additional tests
• FAR 27.931 - Shafting critical speed
• FAR 27.935 - Shafting joints
• FAR 27.939 - Turbine engine operating characteristics
• Fuel System
  FAR 27.951 - General
• FAR 27.952 - Fuel system crash resistance
• FAR 27.953 - Fuel system independence
• FAR 27.954 - Fuel system lightning protection
• FAR 27.955 - Fuel flow
• FAR 27.959 - Unusable fuel supply
• FAR 27.961 - Fuel system hot weather operation
• FAR 27.963 - Fuel tanks: general
• FAR 27.965 - Fuel tank tests
• FAR 27.967 - Fuel tank installation
• FAR 27.969 - Fuel tank expansion space
• FAR 27.971 - Fuel tank sump
• FAR 27.973 - Fuel tank filler connection
• FAR 27.975 - Fuel tank vents
• FAR 27.977 - Fuel tank outlet
• Fuel System Components
  FAR 27.991 - Fuel pumps
• FAR 27.993 - Fuel system lines and fittings
• FAR 27.995 - Fuel valves
• FAR 27.997 - Fuel strainer or filter
• FAR 27.999 - Fuel system drains
• Oil System
  FAR 27.1011 - Engines: General
• FAR 27.1013 - Oil tanks
• FAR 27.1015 - Oil tank tests
• FAR 27.1017 - Oil lines and fittings
• FAR 27.1019 - Oil strainer or filter
• FAR 27.1021 - Oil system drains
• FAR 27.1027 - Transmissions and gearboxes: General
• Cooling
  FAR 27.1041 - General
• FAR 27.1043 - Cooling tests
• FAR 27.1045 - Cooling test procedures
• Induction System
  FAR 27.1091 - Air induction
• FAR 27.1093 - Induction system icing protection
• Exhaust System
  FAR 27.1121 - General
• FAR 27.1123 - Exhaust piping
• Powerplant Controls and Accessories
  FAR 27.1141 - Powerplant controls: general
• FAR 27.1143 - Engine controls
• FAR 27.1145 - Ignition switches
• FAR 27.1147 - Mixture controls
• FAR 27.1151 - Rotor brake controls
• FAR 27.1163 - Powerplant accessories
• Powerplant Fire Protection
  FAR 27.1183 - Lines, fittings, and components
• FAR 27.1185 - Flammable fluids
• FAR 27.1187 - Ventilation and drainage
• FAR 27.1189 - Shutoff means
• FAR 27.1191 - Firewalls
• FAR 27.1193 - Cowling and engine compartment covering
• FAR 27.1194 - Other surfaces
• FAR 27.1195 - Fire detector systems

• SUBPART F - Equipment
• General
  FAR 27.1301 - Function and installation
• FAR 27.1303 - Flight and navigation instruments
• FAR 27.1305 - Powerplant instruments
• FAR 27.1307 - Miscellaneous equipment
• FAR 27.1309 - Equipment, systems, and installations
• Instruments: Installation
  FAR 27.1321 - Arrangement and visibility
• FAR 27.1322 - Warning, caution, and advisory lights
• FAR 27.1323 - Airspeed indicating system
• FAR 27.1325 - Static pressure systems
• FAR 27.1327 - Magnetic direction indicator
• FAR 27.1329 - Automatic pilot system
• FAR 27.1335 - Flight director systems
• FAR 27.1337 - Powerplant instruments
• Electrical Systems and Equipment
  FAR 27.1351 - General
• FAR 27.1353 - Storage battery design and installation
• FAR 27.1357 - Circuit protective devices
• FAR 27.1361 - Master switch
• FAR 27.1365 - Electric cables
• FAR 27.1367 - Switches
• Lights
  FAR 27.1381 - Instrument lights
• FAR 27.1383 - Landing lights
• FAR 27.1385 - Position light system installation
• FAR 27.1387 - Position light system dihedral angles
• FAR 27.1389 - Position light distribution and intensities
• FAR 27.1391 - Minimum intensities in the horizontal plane of forward and rear position lights
• FAR 27.1393 - Minimum intensities in any vertical plane of forward and rear position lights
• FAR 27.1395 - Maximum intensities in overlapping beams of forward and rear position lights
• FAR 27.1397 - Color specifications
• FAR 27.1399 - Riding light
• FAR 27.1401 - Anticollision light system
• Safety Equipment
  FAR 27.1411 - General
• FAR 27.1413 - Safety belts
• FAR 27.1415 - Ditching equipment
• FAR 27.1419 - Ice protection
• FAR 27.1435 - Hydraulic systems
• FAR 27.1457 - Cockpit voice recorders
• FAR 27.1459 - Flight recorders
• FAR 27.1461 - Equipment containing high energy rotors

• SUBPART G - Operating Limitations and Information
• FAR 27.1501 - General
• Operating Limitations
  FAR 27.1503 - Airspeed limitations: general
• FAR 27.1505 - Never-exceed speed
• FAR 27.1509 - Rotor speed
• FAR 27.1519 - Weight and center of gravity
• FAR 27.1521 - Powerplant limitations
• FAR 27.1523 - Minimum flight crew
• FAR 27.1525 - Kinds of operations
• FAR 27.1527 - Maximum operating altitude
• FAR 27.1529 - Instructions for Continued Airworthiness
• Markings and Placards
  FAR 27.1541 - General
• FAR 27.1543 - Instrument markings: general
• FAR 27.1545 - Airspeed indicator
• FAR 27.1547 - Magnetic direction indicator
• FAR 27.1549 - Powerplant instruments
• FAR 27.1551 - Oil quantity indicator
• FAR 27.1553 - Fuel quantity indicator
• FAR 27.1555 - Control markings
• FAR 27.1557 - Miscellaneous markings and placards
• FAR 27.1559 - Limitations placard
• FAR 27.1561 - Safety equipment
• FAR 27.1565 - Tail rotor
• Rotorcraft Flight Manual and Approved Manual Material
  FAR 27.1581 - General
• FAR 27.1583 - Operating limitations
• FAR 27.1585 - Operating procedures
• FAR 27.1587 - Performance information
• FAR 27.1589 - Loading information

• Appendix A to Part 27 - Instructions for Continued Airworthiness
• Appendix B to Part 27 - Airworthiness Criteria for Helicopter Instrument Flight
• Appendix C to Part 27 - Criteria for Category A

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